We all know that stocks have stock indexes, such as Shanghai Stock Exchange, Shenzhen Stock Exchange, Dow Jones Industrial Index, NASDAQ, S&P 500 and so on. Both stocks have corresponding indexes, and the US dollar is no exception. The US dollar has the US Dollar Index (USDX), which is often referred to as the US index in the financial circle.
The US dollar is short for USD, and the symbol is $. Since most countries in the world use the currency unit Doller, in order to distinguish it, the US dollar is represented by U.S.$, while the Hong Kong dollar is represented by HK$and the Australian dollar by A$.
The main image on the front of the dollar bill is the head of a person, and the main color is black.
The main scene pattern on the back is architecture and the main color is green, but there is little difference in the color of different editions, such as the back of the 1934 edition is dark green, the back of the 1950 edition is grass green, and the back of the 1963 edition is dark green.
The signature on it is the signature of the finance minister, but it is also the signature of the finance minister in different years.
The front of the $100 bill (1988, 1996) is not the president, but the portrait of BenjaminFranklin (1706 ~ 1790), a famous scientist, politician and financier, because he drafted the famous Declaration of Independence during the American Revolution and played an invaluable role in the process of American independence.
It also had a profound influence on modern American politics and economy.
On the back of the $100 bill is the Philadelphia Independence Memorial, one of the symbols of American independence and the symbol of the American spirit.
As shown in the figure below: 2, what is the $$index (USDollarIndex, USDX) it is similar to display the state of the U.S. stock comprehensive the dow Jones industrial average (DowJonesIndustrialAverage), the dollar index shows the comprehensive value of the dollar.
But surprisingly, the dollar index comes not from the CBOT or the CME, but from the New York Cotton Exchange (NYCE).
Founded in 1870 by a group of cotton merchants and intermediaries, the New York Cotton Exchange is the oldest Commodity Exchange in New York and the most important cotton futures and options exchange in the world.
In 1985, the New York Cotton Exchange established the financial department, and officially entered the global financial commodity market, the first launch is the US dollar index futures.
The currencies and weights used in the USDX are the same as the Federal Reserve’s trade-weighted index for the dollar.
Because the USDX is based only on foreign exchange quotation indicators, it may vary due to the use of different data sources.
The USDX is calculated using the weighted geometric average of changes in the exchange rates of a dozen major currencies against the dollar in March 1973, and measures its value against the 100.00 point benchmark, such as the 105.50 point quote, which represents a 5.50% increase in its value since March 1973.
March 1973 was chosen as the reference point because it was a historic turning point in the foreign exchange markets, when major trading nations allowed their currencies to float freely against each other’s.
The agreement, reached at the Smithian Institution in Washington, represents a victory for free trade theorists.
The Smithian Agreement replaced the unsuccessful system of fixed exchange rates agreed at BrettonWoods in NewHampshire in 1944.
¡ñ Dollar Index (USDX) The dollar index is a composite of the exchange rate of the US dollar in the international foreign exchange market. The composition of the dollar index is: Euro 57.6% yen 13.6% pound sterling 11.9% Canadian dollar 9.1% Swedish Krona 4.2% Swiss franc 3.6%.
The U.S. Dollar index USDX is calculated using the weighted geometric average of the change in the exchange rates of six currencies against the U.S. dollar in March 1973. The value of the index is measured on a basis of 100.00. The quoted value of 105.50 refers to the 5.50% increase in its value since March 1973.
The current USDX level reflects the dollar’s average relative to the 1973 benchmark.
The dollar index has risen above 165 and fallen below 80.
This variation property is widely used to compare the quantity and rate of change with the futures stock index.
In 2001, after a decade of growth, the U.S. economy fell into a brief recession before entering a new boom.
In 2007, the United States economic downward factors increased, and the subprime mortgage crisis erupted in July.
In September 2008, as Lehman Brothers and other financial institutions went bankrupt, were merged or taken over by the government, the subprime mortgage crisis in the United States rapidly escalated into the most serious international financial crisis since the Great Depression.
The financial system suffered significant losses, the credit market shrank rapidly, the real economy went into a deep recession, and market confidence was seriously affected.
After the Obama administration took office and implemented a large-scale stimulus plan, the economic and financial situation of the United States began to improve in the second half of 2009, and the GDP growth resumed.
In 2010, the U.S. economy continued to recover, with the annual GDP growth rate reaching 3.0%, and the economic aggregate basically recovered to the pre-crisis level.
In 2011, the US economy continued to maintain a moderate recovery momentum, with growth rates of 0.1%, 2.5%, 1.3% and 4.1% in the four quarters, respectively, and the annual growth rate of 1.8%.
Since 2012, the US economy has maintained moderate growth. Industrial production, retail sales, household income and real estate prices have all picked up, but economic growth has generally fallen short of market expectations.
The GDP growth rate in the first, second and third quarters was 2.0 percent, 1.3 percent and 3.1 percent, respectively. The unemployment rate stood at 7.8 percent in December, which has been below 8 percent for four consecutive months.
In 2013, the US GDP reached 16.8 trillion US dollars, ranking first among countries and regions in the world.
Its per capita GDP was US $53,142.89, ranking 10th among countries and regions in the world. In 2016, its GDP reached US $18.03 trillion, ranking first in the Americas and the world.
Its per capita GDP of US $55,904.30 ranks fifth in the world.
1. American agriculture American agriculture is highly developed and highly mechanized.
In 2009 there were 2.2 million farms and 920 million acres of arable land.
In 2010, the United States produced about 16.5 percent of the world’s grain.
Agricultural exports totaled $137.4 billion in fiscal 2011, making China the largest market for U.S. agricultural exports for the first time, with exports of nearly $20 billion, including soybeans, cotton, nuts and furs.
Agricultural output accounted for about 1.2 percent of GDP in 2011.
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and other sectors employed about 0.7% of the total employed population.
In 2003, the United States was China’s largest importer of beef, with two-thirds of China’s imports coming from the United States, but after the outbreak of mad cow disease in the United States, China stopped most U.S. beef imports.
As domestic beef supply mainly depends on farmers’ free-range raising, the feed cost is high, leading to the price of domestic beef is much higher than that of foreign countries, and there is an imbalance between supply and demand, 20% of the demand needs to be made up by imported beef.
Since the cost price of American beef is only half of that in China, it has a certain price advantage over traditional developed animal husbandry countries such as Australia and Argentina. The liberalization of the import of American beef will have a negative impact on the beef production in China and other countries, while the domestic demand in the United States is saturated and the supply is increasing, at this time, the liberalization of China’s beef market is timely for the American animal husbandry.
It will also support the long-term stability and prosperity of the American livestock industry, and domestic consumers will also benefit!
2. U.S. industry In 2011, U.S. industrial production grew at a rate of about 4.1 percent and accounted for 19.2 percent of the U.S. gross domestic product that year.
Industrial employment accounts for about 20.3 percent of the total employed population.
Manufacturing occupies a dominant position in the industry, accounting for about 11% of the gross domestic product of the United States, and is an important basic pillar of the American economy.
The industrial transformation of the United States has accelerated, with the proportion of manufacturing declining, and labor-intensive industries being further eliminated or transferred abroad.
At the same time, high-tech industries such as information technology and biology have developed rapidly, and new progress has been made in transforming traditional industries with high technology.
The main industrial products in the United States are automobiles, aviation equipment, computers, electronic and communication equipment, iron and steel, petroleum products, fertilizers, cement, plastics and newsprint, machinery and so on.
3. The Service sector accounted for about 79.6 percent of GDP in 2011.
It is estimated that about 120 million people are employed in various service industries, accounting for 79.1% of the total employed population. Among them, 37.3% are employed in management, professional and technical fields, 24.2% are employed in sales and other fields, and 17.6% are employed in other service industries.
4. What is the difference between the dollar and the dollar index?
The US dollar index is an index that comprehensively reflects the exchange rate of the US dollar in the international foreign exchange market, and is used to measure the change degree of the exchange rate of the US dollar against a basket of currencies.
It measures the strength of the dollar by calculating the comprehensive rate of change of the dollar and the selected basket of currencies, thus indirectly reflecting the export competitiveness of the United States and the change of the cost of imports.
If the dollar index is falling, the dollar is depreciating against other major currencies and the dollar is the currency.
